Heart problems remain one of the leading causes of serious health complications worldwide, from irregular heartbeats to sudden cardiac events. Even people who appear healthy can be at risk, especially those with underlying conditions or implanted heart devices. Researchers are constantly looking for ways to reduce these risks and protect the heart. A recent Danish study, the POTCAST trial, found that maintaining high-normal levels of potassium in the body can significantly reduce dangerous heart problems, including irregular heartbeats and hospitalizations. For high-risk individuals, carefully monitoring potassium levels could make a life-saving difference.

The POTCAST trial (Targeted Potassium Levels to Decrease Arrhythmia Burden in High-Risk Patients with Cardiovascular Diseases) followed 1,200 patients with implanted cardioverter defibrillators (ICDs) over 3.3 years. Patients with potassium levels between 4.5 and 5.0 mmol/L experienced fewer cardiac events, lower rates of ventricular tachycardia, and reduced hospital admissions. Experts also caution that both too little and too much potassium can be harmful, making careful monitoring essential.


Why is potassium important for heart health
Potassium is a key mineral and electrolyte that helps regulate the heart’s electrical activity and maintain stable blood pressure. Adequate potassium ensures that the heart beats regularly and efficiently. Imbalances, either too low or too high, can trigger dangerous heart problems. In the POTCAST trial, achieving a “sweet spot” for potassium helped patients with ICDs reduce the likelihood of severe cardiac events.

How to get enough potassium safely
Potassium can be safely obtained through diet, supplements, or medications but caution and guidance are key. Natural potassium-rich foods include bananas, potatoes, sweet potatoes, spinach, beans, lentils, avocados, and citrus fruits. Incorporating these into daily meals can help maintain healthy potassium levels without overloading the body. For high-risk patients, especially those with implanted heart devices or a history of arrhythmias, it is essential to consult a doctor before taking supplements. Blood tests should be conducted regularly to track potassium levels, and adjustments should be made under medical supervision. Combining diet, supplements, and lifestyle modifications, such as reducing excessive sodium intake, can optimize heart health while minimizing risks.


Balancing the benefits and risks of potassium
Potassium is essential for proper heart function, but too much or too little can be dangerous. Low potassium levels can trigger irregular heartbeats, muscle weakness, and fatigue, while excessively high levels may lead to conditions such as ventricular fibrillation or cardiac arrest. People with kidney problems, diabetes, or those taking medications like ACE inhibitors, ARBs, or certain diuretics are especially vulnerable to potassium imbalances. Therefore, it is crucial not to self-medicate with potassium supplements. Achieving the right balance requires regular monitoring of blood potassium levels, and any supplementation or medication adjustments should always be guided by a healthcare professional.

The POTCAST trial highlights potassium’s potential to protect the heart, particularly in high-risk patients. Maintaining proper levels through diet, supplements, or medications under supervision can improve heart health, but careful monitoring is essential to avoid adverse effects. Anyone concerned about heart risks should discuss potassium levels with their healthcare provider.