Misunderstandings surrounding epilepsy often lead to fear and reluctance in society. These misconceptions can hinder timely treatment and adversely affect the lives of individuals with epilepsy. Gaining accurate knowledge is essential for better management of this condition. Here, we explore seven prevalent myths about epilepsy, as explained by Dr. Amit Batra, Director of Neurology at Max Super Speciality Hospital, Patparganj.
Myth: All seizures manifest as violent convulsions
Many people associate epilepsy with dramatic convulsions and loss of consciousness. However, seizures can present in various forms, including mild symptoms like sudden anxiety, brief lapses in awareness, unusual sensations, or repetitive movements. Recognizing these subtle signs is vital, as they are often missed, delaying necessary treatment.
Myth: Epilepsy has supernatural origins
Epilepsy is fundamentally a neurological disorder caused by abnormal electrical activity in the brain, akin to a short circuit. While factors like stress, sleep deprivation, or anxiety may trigger seizures, they do not cause epilepsy. Actual causes include head trauma, brain infections, strokes, tumors, electrolyte imbalances, or structural brain issues.
Myth: Individuals with epilepsy cannot lead normal lives
This is a significant misconception. With appropriate medication or surgery when needed, many patients can effectively manage their seizures. They can pursue education, employment, travel, and raise families, albeit with certain precautions like avoiding swimming or paragliding. Modern treatments are safe and allow individuals to maintain their daily activities.
Myth: Inserting objects into the mouth during a seizure is necessary
This belief is not only incorrect but can also pose serious risks. Never attempt to restrain someone having a seizure or place any object in their mouth. The best course of action is to move them away from potential hazards, gently roll them onto their side, and remain close until the seizure ends.
Myth: Epilepsy can be transmitted through touch
Epilepsy is not contagious. A person with epilepsy cannot transmit the condition or its symptoms to others. While certain infections can affect the brain and may be contagious, epilepsy itself is not spreadable.
Myth: Video games and bright lights always provoke seizures
Many believe that flashing lights or screens can trigger seizures, but this is true for only a small fraction of individuals with epilepsy—approximately 3%. For most, engaging with screens or playing video games is safe, provided they take regular breaks.
Myth: People with epilepsy are prohibited from driving
With effective treatment and consistent medication, many individuals with epilepsy can drive. However, regulations vary by country regarding when a person with epilepsy can obtain a driver's license, aimed at ensuring safety and minimizing the risk of seizures while driving. It is generally safer to avoid long nighttime drives.
Understanding epilepsy is crucial to dispelling fear. Accurate information, awareness, and prompt treatment can significantly improve the quality of life for those affected and help eliminate societal misconceptions. By relying on scientific facts rather than myths, we can reduce the stigma and discrimination associated with epilepsy, allowing millions to lead fulfilling and dignified lives.
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