Answer:

Children have thinner skin and a less developed protective barrier than adults, making them more vulnerable to damage from ultraviolet rays. Prolonged sun exposure can lead to sunburn, premature aging and a higher risk of skin problems over time. For those aged six months and older, sunscreen is considered an essential protective measure during outdoor activities.

At age 10, children who frequently spend time outdoors, especially around midday, should use sunscreen appropriately. Physical (mineral) sunscreens containing zinc oxide or titanium dioxide are generally recommended, as they are less likely to cause irritation.

A product with SPF 30 to 50 is suitable. It should be applied 15 to 20 minutes before sun exposure, covering exposed areas such as the face, neck, arms and legs. If outdoor activity is prolonged, or involves swimming or heavy sweating, reapplication every two to three hours is necessary. Additional protective measures include wearing a wide-brimmed hat, long-sleeved clothing and sunglasses, and limiting time outside during peak sun hours (10 a.m. to 4 p.m.).

After sun exposure, the skin should be gently cleansed with cool water and a mild cleanser to remove sunscreen and dirt. A light moisturizer can help restore the skin barrier. If redness or a burning sensation occurs, a cool compress or a child-appropriate soothing product may help. Adequate hydration is also important to compensate for fluid loss in hot weather.

For children with sensitive skin or a history of cosmetic allergies, testing a small amount of product on a patch of skin beforehand or consulting a doctor is advisable.

MSc, MD Nguyen Dinh Huan
Department of Pediatrics
Tam Anh General Hospital, Ho Chi Minh City