Bangladesh Election 2026: Parliamentary elections are being held in Bangladesh for the first time on Thursday after the fall of former Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina's government. The eyes of the whole world are on the elections being held under the leadership of interim government chief Mohammad Yunus. In particular, Bangladesh's neighboring countries India and Pakistan are keeping a special eye on the Bangladesh elections. India under the rule of Yunus government and bangladesh Relations between Bangladesh and Pakistan have soured, while Bangladesh and Pakistan have come closer. In such a situation, which party forms the government in Bangladesh and what will be their attitude towards India and Pakistan? Diplomatic experts are keeping an eye on this.
India, Pakistan and Bangladesh are the main countries of South Asia and these three countries used to be one, but at the time of independence in 1947, it was separated from India and became Pakistan and in 1971, it was separated from Pakistan and became Bangladesh. Bangladesh used to be a part of Pakistan and was known as East Pakistan, but Bangladesh suffered from the oppression of Pakistan and moved towards a separate nation and under the leadership of Sheikh Mujibur Rahman, Bangladesh became an independent and sovereign nation in 1971, but all three countries have been a part of the same country, but how is the administrative and electoral system of Bangladesh different from that of India and Pakistan. Let us know about this-
It is the responsibility of the Election Commission to conduct elections in Bangladesh like India. The Central Election Commission announces the conduct of elections. After the fall of Sheikh Hasina's government in 2024, voting is being held for the first time on February 12 under the leadership of Mohammad Yunus.
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The specialty of this poll is that before this election, the previous ruling party Awami League has been banned and Awami League is not contesting in this election, whereas earlier during the rule of Awami League, Jamaat-e-Islami was banned, but Yunus government removed the ban from Jamaat-e-Islami.
The Parliament of Bangladesh, which is called Jatiya Sansad, has a total of 350 members. The tenure of each member is five. Like India, the tenure of the MP of Bangladesh is also five years, out of these 350 seats, voting is held for 300 seats. People of every constituency vote for their candidate, and the one who gets the most votes wins.
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But the remaining 50 seats are kept aside for women. The public does not elect them. Instead, the 300 elected MPs choose them according to the number of seats each party has in Parliament.
To form a government, a party or coalition has to win at least 151 seats out of 300 directly elected seats. The 50 seats reserved for women are filled later and are not considered while deciding who will form the government.
These women are selected on the basis of how many seats which party has got during the elections. On the basis of that, his party gets seats for women. They are selected by the party's MPs, whereas there is no such tradition or rule in India and Pakistan, although 33 percent reservation for women has been said in India, but it has not been implemented yet.
There is a bicameral system in India and Pakistan. Both countries are union states of Pakistan and India. That's why assembly elections are held in every state. In the assembly elections, MLAs from different parties are elected and the party or alliance which gets the majority. Its Chief Minister is elected.
There is a parliamentary system in India. As powerful as the Prime Minister is in the Union, the Chief Minister is equally powerful in the state. It has a role in the politics of the state as well as the country, although the Center has more authority than the states.
There is no such system in Bangladesh. There is no state, no assembly or no chief minister in Bangladesh. That means the most powerful parliament is here. Unlike India, Bangladesh does not have two houses, rather there is only one house. Whereas in India there is Lok Sabha and Rajya Sabha. There are elected representatives in the Lok Sabha, whereas the members of the Rajya Sabha are elected indirectly.
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Members of the Lok Sabha and the Legislative Assembly are elected under the proportional representation system, whereas Bangladesh has only one House and a unitary parliamentary system.
There are no states in Bangladesh, the entire country is divided into 8 divisions. There are districts under divisions and under districts there are subdistricts. These are operated by the Divisional Commissioner. They are not elected, rather they are appointed by the central government.
