China’s HMPV Outbreak: The human metapneumovirus, often known as HMPV, is an ancient virus that is known to produce epidemics of upper respiratory diseases. China is now reporting a rise in the same virus, but should we be concerned? Winter provides an ideal environment for viral infections because of the low wind speed and the tendency for people to dwell in close quarters, which accelerates the development of any respiratory illness.

In India, the prevalence of both common influenza and RSV infections in children is on the rise. Human metapneumoviral infections are also less prevalent. Given the current circumstances, all of these viral infections result in self-limiting infections, and since there is currently no specific treatment for them—that is, no antiviral antidote species that is financially designed for them—does it raise concerns that we have an infection for which there is no antiviral medication? Some of these queries are addressed by Dr. Mayank Saxena, Additional Director-Phlemonology, Fortis Hospital Noida.

Symptoms: Cough, nasal discharge, sore throat, fever, and body pains are some of the symptoms that might resemble those of the common cold. Similar to any viral infection, the patient may have these symptoms for three to four days until they gradually subside and they are completely healed in five to six days.

In rare cases, it will result in serious infections that need hospitalization or pneumonia. Furthermore, these individuals are particularly those with poor immunity who are receiving steroids, cancer therapies, are old, have respiratory conditions, or have high blood sugar. Children may sometimes have severe symptoms as well, although they usually go away on their own.

Diagnostic results for the virus can be obtained using DNA multiplex PCR, but it is not advised for all patients with respiratory symptoms. Only patients with severe symptoms should undergo these tests, which would cover not only the meta pneumovirus but also the most common viral and flu infections. It is not required to do these tests on your own until your doctor recommends them since they are very costly and provide no extra advantages because there are still few therapeutic alternatives.

Antibiotics are not recommended for the treatment of HmPV; instead, patients should focus on getting enough sleep, being hydrated, and maintaining a healthy diet to alleviate their symptoms.

In order to monitor the intensity of their symptoms and, if necessary, intensify therapy, individuals in high-risk areas are urged to see a doctor about their symptoms. Only after a secondary bacterial infection has been identified by a physician are antibiotics recommended.

Prevention: Using masks and avoiding close quarters are key strategies for social distancing, as is the case with any viral illness. Using a N95 mask and managing comorbidities, such as diabetes and respiratory health issues, may help manage symptoms if you have risk factors and comorbidities. A healthy lifestyle and abstinence from alcohol and tobacco do have preventative benefits.

Is it necessary to panic?

Since it is similar to another viral illness that is prevalent throughout the winter, there is no need to fear. In order to get the proper diagnosis and treatment, it is still preferable to contact a doctor anytime you notice any signs or symptoms of a viral illness rather than trying to treat yourself.